Challenge & Context
A/RporTWIN is the next digital twin powered by the FIWARE platform concerning the management of various infrastructures. Designed from the ground up, it provides a powerful data visualization and analytical tool to be used by managers and operators of various mobility systems (airports, seaports, roads, railways, etc). It not only allows the user to visualize the infrastructure itself but it also integrates data from different sources and derived insights that are useful during day-to-day operations. It supports standard 2D visualization tools as well as proofs compatible with Augmented Reality/Virtual Reality (AR/VR) equipment, depending on the selected use case.
A/RporTWIN is based on well-established open standards: Web 3D and WebVR standards enabling high-quality model representations on-demand, and NGSI for integration of the different modules as well as for digital twin data management. Current digital-twin platforms are based on proprietary software which is very limited in relation to Augmented Reality or Virtual Reality capabilities. Moreover, these proprietary software solutions are unable to be extended with new functions. However, A/RporTWIN relies on standard-based Open Source technologies and Open Data Models bringing a unified platform for the management of complex infrastructures based on the management of context/ Digital Twin data.
Solution
Airports are complex infrastructures dealing with an incredible amount of processes involving numerous tasks which have to be synchronized. Most of these tasks follow a strict schedule that must work flawlessly in order to offer quality service to airport users, both passengers and airlines. Having a sound understanding of the actual state of the different processes as well as a clear way to manage challenges like delays is crucial.
A/RporTWIN allows operation managers to monitor aircrafts in an airport, specifically turnaround operations. Such processes, concerning all the interactions between the plane, the stand and auxiliary vehicles (stairs, pushback trucks, etc.) have been identified as one of the potential bottlenecks and mission critical factors in the operation of airports. For this reason, the A/RporTWIN tool in the current phase focuses on the management of these processes.
Three main data sources are gathered in the platform related to the turnaround operations. These include an aircraft tracking provider, a computer vision-based event system that processes images from Closed Circuit Television (CCTV, well known as video surveillance), and internal airport data. These sources act in a complementary way to give the user a holistic view of the state of the airport and/or current process.
The aircraft tracking provider is used to monitor the position of all nearby planes so the turnaround process can be planned without exiting the application. This also allows the visualization of every aircraft’s position in a later analysis, which may unveil bottlenecks due to stand allocations.
In order to detect the different events in the turnaround process, a computer vision algorithm is applied to the already existing CCTV images. This algorithm is focused on the detection of certain events that mark the beginning or the end of a task (e.g. the stairs truck not moving anymore). This approach allows the implementation of A/RporTWIN in an airport even when there is a low level of digitalization.
These data sources are complemented by the airport’s own data. This data may vary between airports, therefore the final product may experience modifications from one client to another. Some basic data used by the application refer to flight identification and the association of flights with other processes. For example, the baggage information and the responsibility for each operation are shown, so an overall understanding of the situation can be grasped by the users.
A/RporTWIN initiative’s partners are:
- KTH, Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm: possess high levels of expertise in user interface and data representation. KTH participation allows A/RporTWIN to provide a consistent and useful experience to the final user.
- UPM, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid: a member of FIWARE Foundation, UPM is in charge of configuring and deploying the FIWARE infrastructure, modelling data and customizing FIWARE components to the requirements of the service.
- Fundación Ci3: developers of the first Proof of Concept (PoC) of the system, CI3 coordinates the project and participates in the frontend implementation.
- Ferrovial: managers of the assets in the airport, Ferrovial helps to establish the scope of the project and the critical assets to be managed.
- AGS Airports: owner of Aberdeen’s airport, AGS acts as the customer in the project, in charge of sharing data, defining the needs and testing the final product.
How it works
A/RporTWIN service can be divided into two main parts: the frontend and visualization related APIs (models, textures, behaviours, etc.) on one hand, and the FIWARE-based backend. The latter deals with the connection of data sources, and implements the general server API allowing the airport system to be updated (e.g. turnaround timeline reports).
The A/RporTWIN backend is based on FIWARE components providing near real-time (right-time) and batch access to Context/ Digital Twin data by applications. The Orion Context Broker manages all the context / digital Twin data related to departure and arrival airport scheduled flights. Orion enables access to data through the main operations of a CRUD (Create, Read, Update and Delete) implementation. Moreover, it notifies all interested client applications of any update in the Context / Digital Twin representation of airport entities through its system of publications and subscriptions.
Various information sources are processed in the following way (as demonstrated in Figure 1): external data sources send data to the FIWARE Draco component using different protocols and data formats. Then, Draco transforms the incoming data into updates on the Orion Context Broker via the NGSI API. Additionally, other parts of the application perform updates directly on Orion via NGSI with information on flight notifications.
When updates are received by Orion, it sends a notification to all subscribed client applications providing them the new information. Then, the clients process the incoming data. In parallel, Draco saves the history of Context / Digital Twin data on a Mongo database MongoDB for future batch processing.
Benefits & Impact
The competitive advantages of A/RporTWIN are summarized in the following points:
- Unified and generic web-based platform for Airport management operations;
- Natively compatible with Extended Reality technologies;
- Modular design, mixing both geometrical data with streamed and historical data;
- Supporting
- both near real-time and batch data processing;
- both discrete and stream data processing;
- third party integrated data sources; - Aimed at the integration of future capabilities such as analytics or simulation.
The target market and customer segments are the following:
- Small & medium airports;
- Large Airports;
- Infrastructures concessionaires covering the whole life cycle;
- City councils;
- Facility management companies;
- Medium and large manufacturing Industries.
The Digital Twin market size was USD 5.10 billion in 2020. This value is projected to reach USD 35.8 billion by 2025 and USD 115.1 billion by 2035, growing at an estimated CAGR of more than 23.2%. Taking into account there are more than 40,000 airports all over the world, of which 17,600 are commercial. The global market for Smart Airports is projected to reach USD 22.6 billion by 2025, driven by surging passenger traffic, growing investments in airport modernization and increasing investments in disruptive technologies which help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of airport operations.
A/RporTWIN solution is currently deployed at the Aberdeen International Airport, located in Scotland, UK. The airport is owned and operated by AGS Airports which also owns and operates Glasgow and Southampton airports. A total of just under 3.1 million passengers used the airport in 2018 with more than 90,000 movements. Thanks to the A/RporTWIN deployment, operators can visualize and manage turnaround operations and communicate with airport staff for scheduling flights and reporting delays in near real-time with a digital solution.
Added Value through FIWARE
A/RPORTWIN platform is composed of a set of software modules covering the full stack of a typical 3-tier web service architecture. These tiers correspond to the user interface tier for consuming and providing information, the business logic tier for managing such information and the persistence tier for storing the information. User interfaces are provided by web and desktop applications for visualizing 2D and 3D models of the airports, for managing notifications between users, and for visualizing airport scheduling.
A/RporTWIN relies on FIWARE components to 1) manage publish/subscribe patterns linked to updates on airport Context / Digital Twin data in near real time, 2) to ingest Context / Digital Twin data from different sources and process them before making them available for consumption by the applications, and 3) to store historical data for further processing and analysis.
On the other hand, to support full interoperability and replicability (portability) of the solution, a set of FIWARE Smart Data Models for the aeronautics domain have been created according to the requirements of the data sources used in the project.
A/RporTWIN takes advantage of the following FIWARE components (Generic Enablers):
- Orion Context Broker for managing Context / Digital Twin data;
- Draco to store the history of Context / Digital Twin data and to ingest data into Orion from heterogeneous data sources;
- Cosmos to allow the execution of real-time big data analysis and machine learning over history data as it is generated;
- Keyrock and Wilma to allow the management of identity and access control.
FIWARE offers a powerful standard-based security framework that enables A/RporTWIN being compatible with new IoT solutions.
Next steps
During 2020, the first version of A/RporTWIN service was developed and deployed at Aberdeen Airport. During 2021, the solution is in its testing phase for further new functionalities involving real users and live cases.
Together with partners like AGS (Ferrovial’s participating company in charge of the management of several UK based airports (Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton), other airports are already explored as future targets for deploying this solution.
Authors & Contributors
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Álvaro Alonso
Contact @ alvaro.alonso@upm.es
Javier Conde
Contact @ javier.conde.diaz@alumnos.upm.es
Joaquín Salvachua
Contact @ joaquin.salvachua@upm.es
CI3
Pablo Hyam
Contact @ phyam@ci3.es
Javier Rojo
Contact @ jrojo@ci3.es
Disclaimer
In accordance with our guidelines on the use of quotes and impact stories in advertising, please note the following points: Impact stories appearing on the FIWARE Foundation website or other digital or printed materials and channels were submitted via text, audio or video. They are individual experiences that reflect real life and business experiences of those who have used our technology and/or services in different ways. The information contained in this impact story is not medical, diagnostic or therapeutic advice and does not constitute advice, treatment or application recommendations or guidance for the individual case. FIWARE Foundation does not assume any responsibility for up-to-datedness, correctness and completeness of the information provided. Liability claims against the author, which refer to material or non-material damages, which were caused by the use or non-use of the provided information or by the use of incorrect and incomplete information, are generally excluded, unless there is no evidence of intentional or negligence of the author. All offers are subject to change and non-binding. The author expressly reserves the right to change, supplement or delete parts of the pages or the entire offer without separate announcement or to discontinue the publication temporarily or permanently. Some FIWARE Impact Stories may be shortened.
